Music and Me

Jagadaanandakaaraka – Nattai

Pancharatna krithis of Thyagaraja were some songs that came to light to me much later in my muic journey. i loved them when I heard them. I never got to learn one till a couple of years ago. I also finally learnt only 1 of them formally….which is Jagadaanandakaaraka. It was kind of a dream come true. I am still in process of learning the rest of them myself.

the 5 songs in the pancharatna group have a great significance in the music world. The Thyagaraja aaradhanais conducted are one of the major places where these are sung.
The songs are not in the usual way of keerthanams ….they are different. the way of singing also is different. the charanams will be sung swaram first and then sahithyam.

The Pancharatna kritis are written in praise of his deity Rama. They are set in Adi Talam and each raagam represents the mood of the song and the meaning of its lyrics. They are set in the style of a Ragam Tanam Pallavi (RTP) with the charanams substituting for the kalpana swaram.

The Pancharatna Kritis are:

1. Jagadananda Karaka – Nattai raagam
2. Dudukugala – Gowla raagam
3. Sadhinchene – Arabhi raagam
4. Kanakana Ruchira – Varali raagam
5. Endaro Mahanubhavulu – Sri raagam

The raga Nata has a particularly distinctive use of the ‘dhaivatam’ . Tyagaraja has avoided the ‘dhaivatam’ completely in the first pancharatna kriti without losing the swarupa of Nattai raagam. Similarly ‘gandharam’ is an accidental note of some beauty in Gaula. Tyagaraja avoids this too (except in one instance) without losing the character of the raagam. Finally, he avoids the accidental ‘dhaivatam’ in Sri ragam, again a note that is present in some very characteristic sancharas of this raga.

In this song, Tyagaraja praises his lord Ramachandra. He eulogizes Ramachandra as one who is the cause of all bliss in the universe. This is the only pancharatna kriti that was composed in Sanskrit. All the other kritis have been composed in Telugu, which was used in the court of the Maratha king Sarabhoji who ruled this area in the 18th century.

to know what I am talking about, you can listen to the song at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUi5MJuCemM

now to get into the details of the song itself….a beautiful song …composed in a lively raagam…..

Song : Jagadaanandakaaraka
Raagam: Nattai
Aa: S R3 G3 M1 P D3 N3 S
Av: S N3 P M1 R3 S
Parent raagam: Chala nattai (36th melakartha)
Taalam: aadhi
Composer: Thyagaraja
Language: Sanskrit

Lyrics

pallavi

jagadAnanda kAraka jaya jAnaki prANa nAyaka

anupallavi

gaganAdhipa satkulaja rAja rAjEshvara suguNAkara surasEvya bhavya dAyaka sadA sakala
(jagadAnanda)

Charanam 1:

ssn   p  ; mp         s s r     s     s m m r    | sm  M    ; P            ; pm         mp mm    ||

  amaraTha raka  nichaya ku mudahitha Pari Pu       rnaa         nagha    sura- sura 

R s – m    r s S          n   P m     g m P      | S  s – n    n s  n n       s  n  P   r s     n p ||

puja dadi payo          dhivaasa haranaa  Sunda ra  dara vada   na Sudhaa     maya va sho

Charanam 2:

sn p     m   , n P    m   r s-   n        , r S                 |  s n p – s   , s  R     s r     s-  p   , m n p ||

  Nigama Nee rajaa Mruthaja Po     shaka     Nimisha  vai ra vaa ridha Sa mee  – rana 

s n       p – r  ,  r   S       p s   n p      , m g m             | p    p s     s   , n P    m    r   s – s  ,     r g m||

Khaga thu ran ga Sath kavi hrudaa  laya -      aga nitha vaa naraa  dhi pa na than  griyuga

 Charanam 3:

P n    p   , n   p m   M p   m    , p m g   | G m – g     , m  r s   N s – g     , m P ||

    Indra Nee la mani sanni  paa   paghana     Chandra Su  rya naya        na pra me  ya Vaa 

P      n   p    s n    r s    M  r  – s      n p    M              |  g m p -  s               n p – pn  p-     m r s  s r g m ||

geendra ja  naka Saka lesha Shu    – bra Naa    gen-dra Sha         yana Samana Vai-riSan-nutha 

Charanam 4:

P    n p  m p   N     p  M -     n  pm    pn |  P , – m   m p   M   , g    m p        n  P p               ||

   Pa da vi ji tha Mou ni Chaa pa Sava Pari paa   la   vara Man thra graha naLola 

n s r      s    ,  s-    P     p – m r s   N pm    |  s S n       p  n      s r    R , s       , n pm    ||

Parama Shan tha Chittha Janaka Jaadipa         Saroja BhavaVara daa -      -  -  kila

Charanam 5:

S P       M    R      s    P    m   G   pm    | G  mp    n p     G    m P m   G   p     m    ||

 Srushti Stthiyan  tha Kaara      kaa mitha Ka mitha Phala daa samana gaa thra Sha 

R      np    m R – s      n p m r   , r S          | p S – m  P  r g        m P – s    , n pm      ||

chee pathi sutha  pdhi madaharaa     nura ga ra    a ra   jitha katha Saarahitha

Charanam 6:

S n p   R     s-  m    r s – p p   ,  m r -  s | g m p      m  , m – np    P – n s   r S s     || 

  Sajjana Maa na Sap – dhi Sudha kara Ku suma- Vi ma na   Sura saa Ripu Karaapja 

P m r       s n P        s n P        r s n p      |   , m r  s    n P – s    S p p       ,    m g m                 ||

Laalitha Charana vaguna Suragana     Mada ha  rana Sanaa thanaa Janatha 

Charanam 7:

S , s      , s -  S       r s  N       , s s n       |  p p s s    , n – p n       s n p m   R – n   p  ||

  Om kaa ra Pan   jara Kee  ra pura   hara Saro ja Bhava Ke- – sha  vaa di Ru 

, m r  ,      s n   p m   r s   S          p s    n p     |  , m r  s  S – p p     , p –   n    s    , r g  -   m   ||

 pa Vaa  sava ripu Janakaan thaka Kalaa       dhara ka la da ra   ptha Ghrunaa  kara – sha 

r G   m     p   n p – s   , s n – p   s S – m   | m r    S    r N s      p n m     p   , -  m g m   ||

ranaaga  tha jana Paa lana Sumano Ra    mana Nir vikaara Nigama Saa     rathara

Charanam 8:

p m r s      n p     S    S , – m    r s     S   |   , pm r     S   – n p     , – p m r                S – pm ||  

  Karadrutha Shara ja   laa  su   ra madaa      apahara   na Vanee    sura su  raa vana 

p N n       p n s -   r   , r – m p     n P p    |    s n p m     R –   n p    m r – S               ,  r g m  ||

kavena Bilaja  mouni krutha charithra san-nutha shree thia-  -  ga  raa       janutha 

Charanam 9:

p P n   p m n   p  – m  M  p    m g m r   |  s R -  s     m g  p m   n P m   g m p n    ||

 Puraana Purusha Nru Varaathma Jaa-sritha   Paraa dhee -  na kara      viraadha   Raavana 

p S s         r s m r        s R – s   n  p M        |  g G m    p    s    n  p      m R s    s r   g m               ||

Viraava Naanagha Paraa sha  ra Mano        hara Vi krutha Thia-   garaaja San-nutha

Charanam 10:

p p n p    p n    p p – m   P n      P , n    | p – p   m m  , – p M   n     p   M   s   n pm ||

    Aganitha Guna Kana  ka Chela Saa la    Vi dha la naa   ru naa bha Sa maana Charana 

, P m        g m   P   ,   m r     s    p m   r s   |  n p   m r     s – s n    p   m  r s – p   m p – s r  ||

 apaara Mahimaa  thbhutha Su ka vijana hruth sada  na  su ra mu nigana  vi hi tha kala 

s – P n       s r   S    m r s – p     , m r s  |  n P p       s n      P      r S – s     , n   p m   ||

sha neera nidhi jaa ramana paa   pagaja Nrusimha Vara Thia  garaa jaa    di nutha 

, s n p       M  np       m R – p    m r   S      | , p p – s       S    n –   p    m  r S              , r g m   ||

 brinda Govin-    da Saa nan- da maa  varaa ja   raa ptha Shu ba karaa      ne- ka

Meaning(from karnatik.com)

General Meaning:

Shri Thyagaraja has described Sri Rama as Parabrahma, which is greater than the trimurthis. Pancharathna kirtanas are famous like the countless small kirtanas whose, length, substance and greatness have epic proportions. In these births, tenets of  worship, benevolent rule and the incidents of  Rama and Krishna avatars are told lucidly

Pallavi:

Bestower (“kaaraka”) of happiness (“Ananda”) to the world (“jagada”),

  Sita’s (“janaki”) husband (“prana nayaka”), Victory to you (“jaya”)!

Anupallavi:

Born (“ja”) in the best race (“sath kula”) of Surya, the king (“adhipa”) of the skies (“gagana”).

King of kings (“raja rajeshwaraa”), fund of the noblest character (“suguna kara”).

One worshipped by the devas (“sura”), bestower (“daayaka”) of all successes (“bhavya”) at all times to all the worlds (“sadaa sakala”)

Charanam 1:

The moon (“nichaya”) amongst the Milky Way (“thaaraka”) of the devas (“amara”).

Karpaka tree (“kumuda hitha”) to the devas.

Blemish less (“paripurna”), sinless (“anagha”) one.

Praised (“puja”) by devas and asuras (“sura asura”). 

An expert in stealing (“vaasa haranaa”) curd (“dadhi”) and milk (“payodhi”) from milk pots. One who has the best countenance (“sundara thara vadana”) and utters the nectar dripping sweetest (“sudhamaya”) words (“vacho brinda”). 

One who is always happy immortal and ever young (“govinda, saananda Jaraaptha”). Lord of Lakshmi (“maa varaa”).

Giver of all successes to everyone who come to you (“aneka shubakara”)

 Charanam 2:

One who expounds (“poshaka”) the sweet (“amrutha”) words dripping from the lotus (“neeraja”) called the Vedas (“nigama”).

One who sweeps the enemies (“vairi”) of the devas (“animisha”) as the hurricane (“vaaridha sameerana”) sweeps the dark clouds.

One who has the garuda (“khaga”) as his vehicle (“thuranga”).

One who resides in the hearts (“hruda – aalaya”) of the greatest poets (“sath kavi”). 

One whose feet (“angriyuga”)  is worshipped (“natha”) by Sugriva the leader (“adhipa”) of the countless (“aganitha”) monkeys (“vaanaraa”)

Charanam 3:

One who has (“apa”) a grand (“ghana”) body like (“sannibha”) the blue (“neela”) diamond (“mani”) of Indira.

One who as the moon (“chandra”) and the sun (“surya”) as eyes (“nayana”).

One whose greatness is beyond comprehension (“aprameya”). Father (“janaka”) of Brahma (“vageendra”). 

Thou are the lord of everything (“sakalesha”).

One who has the white (“subra”) snake (“naga”) king (“indra”) as his bed (“shayana”).

One who is worshipped (“sannutha”) by lord Siva, the enemy (“vairi”) of death (“samana”) Yama

Charanam 4:

Remover (“vijitha”) of Gauthamas’ (“mouni”) curse (“chaapa”) by the touch of his divine feet (“paada”).

Protector (“paripaala”) of yagas (“sava”).

One who took great interest (“lola”) in understanding (“grahana”) the best mantras Bala and adhibala from Vishwamithra.

One who has a very peaceful mind (“parama shaantha Chitta”).

Lord (“adhipa”) of Sita (“janakajaa”).

Granter of boon (“varadaa”) to Brahma (“saroja bhava”).

Giver of happiness to the entire world (“akila”)

 Charanam 5:

One who does (“kaaraka”) the three functions of creation (“srushti”), protection (“sthithi”) and destruction (“antha”).

 One who fulfils (“daa”) countless (“amitha”) prayers (“kaamitha phala”).

One who has a body (“gaathra”) beyond comparison (“asamaana”).

One who subdues (“hara”) the pride (“mada”) of Indira’s (“sachi pathi”) son (“sutha”) Vali and king of the seas (“abdhi”).

One who is the essence (“saarahitha”) of Ramayana, the story (“katha”) that is embodiment (“raajitha”) of love (“anuraaga”) and desire (“raga”)

 Charanam 6:

Your are the moon (“sudhaakara”)  of the noblemen (“sajjana”) who are as sweet as the sea (“abdhi”) of amruta.

You ride on the Pushpaka (“kusuma”) Vimana.

Your feet (“charana”) are pleasantly caressed (“laalitha”) by the lotus hands (“kara-abja”) of Hanuman (“surasaa ripu”).

You are the lord who subdued (“mada harana”) the demon (“asura gana”) like forces of evil character (“ava-guna”).

Your are immortal (“sanaathana”) and worshipped (“nutha”) by Brahma (“aja”).

Charanam 7:

You are the parrot who lives (“pura”) in the cage (“panjara”) of Pranava (“Omkaara”).

You are the sum total (“rupa”) of Siva (“hara”), Bhrahma (“saroja bhava”) and Vishnu (“keshava”) and others (“aadi”).

{Alt: (?) The destroyer of Tripura – who took form from the lotus }

Thou art the slayer (“anthaka”) of Ravana, Father (“janaka”) of Indirajit (“vaasava ripu”).

Your are the embodiment of all arts (“kalaadhara”).

You are the embodiment of all arts (“kala dhara aptha”). {Alt: Your are dear (“aptha”) to Siva, who is the embodiment of arts }.

You are the abode of compassion (“ghrunaakara”) giving succor (“paalana”) to those who surrender to you (“sharana-agatha jana”).

You give happiness to noblemen (“sumano ramana”).

You are beyond description using attributes (“nirvikaara”).

You are the essence (“saarathara”) of Vedas (“nigama”).

Charanam 8:

Your hands (“kara”) are adorned (“drutha”) with numerous arrows (“shara jaala”).

You are the destroyer (“apaharanaa”) of the ego (“mada”) of the Asuras.

You are the protector (“kaveena”) of Brahmins, the god-equivalents on earth (“avanee sura”); and the gods (“sura”).

You are famous and your fame is spread (“sannutha”) through the epic (“charithra”) Ramayana written (“krutha”) by poet Valmiki (“bilaja mouni”).

You are the lord worshipped (“nutha”) by Shri Thyagaraja.

Charanam 9:

Ageless (“puraana”) God (“purusha”)!

 The son (“jaa”) of king (“nru”) Dasaratha (“varaathma”).

 The helper and protector (“paraadheenakara”) of the followers (“asritha”).

 Slayer (“viraavana”) of Kara, Viratha, and Ravana.

You delight (“manohara”) the sinless (“anagha”) Parashara muni.

 Praised (“sannutha”) by the imperfect (“vikrutha”)mortal Tyagaraja

Charanam 10:

One who has countless (“aganitha”) good qualities (“guna”).

One who adorns saffron colored (“kanaka”) silk clothes (“chela”).

One who pierced Mara trees (“saala vidhalanaa”).

One who has divine rosy (“aruna abha samaana”) feet (“charana”).

Thy fame (“mahimaa”) is limitless (“apaara”).

One who dwells (“sadana”) in the hearts (“hruth”) of very great (“adbhutha”) poets (“su-kavijana”).

One who does many good things (“vihitha”)  for the devas (“sura”) and saints (“muni gana”).

The lord of Lakshmi (“Kalasha neera nidhi jaa ramana”).

Who is Narasimha to the elephant (“gaja”) called Sin (“papa”).

Thou art worshipped (“nutha”) by great men (“aadi”) like Shri Thyagaraja

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